SOA Interview Questions and Answers

SOA Interview Questions – Here we are sharing most frequenty asked SOA interview questions and answers to assist you with clearing your prospective SOA job Interview. The facts demonstrate that every interview is different as per the different job profiles. Here, we have prepared the significant SOA Interview Questions and Answers for beginners and experienced by covering all the core areas by professionals from Codingcompiler . 

SOA Interview Questions

1. What is SOA?
2. What are the main features of SOA?
3. What are the ends, contract, address, and bindings?
4. Shed light on the various principles on which SOA is based
5. Do you think that Oracle Fusion is same as that of Oracle SOA?
6. Mention The Soa Principles?
7. What Is Oracle Soa Suite Tool ?
8. What All Components/products Needs To Be Installed Before We Install Oracle Soa Suite Tool ?
10. What are the challenges faced in SOA adoption?

 SOA Interview Questions and Answers

1. What is SOA?

SOA is an architecture for building applications using reusable, interoperable services which have well defined business functionalities and can be orchestrated to achieve a specific functionality by utilizing them together.

2. What are the main features of SOA?

SOA separates business functions into services (endpoints), which are made accessible over a network in order to allow users to combine and reuse them in their applications.

The SOA services can be developed in different languages and OS’es as long as they follow the SOA principles.

Services are unassociated and loosely coupled units that do not directly rely on each other for their full functioning. Rather than services embedding calls to each other in their source code, they use defined protocols that describe how services pass and parse messages using description metadata.

 Orchestration is a process where business functionality from various services are combined in a system fully aware of all available services and the associated metadata that defines these services and their characteristics.

3. What are the ends, contract, address, and bindings?

The service can be made available to clients from different ends. All these services must be exposed through one of these ends. The end will consist of the following:

Contract: It is an agreement which is agreed upon between two parties. It defines how clients are expected to communicate. It specifies the different parameters and returns values that are to be used.

Address: This specifies where a user can find a service. There is an address URL which points to the location of services.

Binding: This determines how to access the end. It specifies the process for communication and how it is to be done.

4. Shed light on the various principles on which SOA is based

SOA is based on the following principles. They are as follows:

  • Flexible
  • Re-usability
  • Loose Coupling
  • Interoperability

5. Do you think that Oracle Fusion is same as that of Oracle SOA?

The answer is no due to the fact that SOA is one of the integral parts of Oracle Fusion. Moreover, SOA acts like the user interface in the Oracle Fusion platform.

6)  Mention The Soa Principles?

SOA principles were first defined by Thomas Erl. These 8 principles are underlying to any good architecture that utilizes SOA design to build their products and services:

  • Standardized service contract: Services adhere to a communications agreement, as defined collectively by one or more service-description documents.
  • Service loose coupling: Services maintain a relationship that minimizes dependencies and only requires that they maintain an awareness of each other.
  • Service re usability: Logic is divided into services with the intention of promoting reuse.
  • Service statelessness: Services minimize resource consumption by deferring the management of state information when necessary
  • Service abstraction: Beyond descriptions in the service contract, services hide logic from the outside world.
  • Service dis coverability: Services are supplemented with communicative meta data by which they can be effectively discovered and interpreted.
  • Service autonomy: Services have control over the logic they encapsulate.
  • Service composability: Services are effective composition participants, regardless of the size and complexity of the composition.

7. What Is Oracle Soa Suite Tool ?

SOA Suite tool is a middleware tool from Oracle which is based upon SOA concept comes under Oracle Fusion Middleware stack. We use this tool for integration purpose .i.e. This tool is used to integrate two system/applications etc.

8. What All Components/products Needs To Be Installed Before We Install Oracle Soa Suite Tool ?

Following components needs to be installed before we install Oracle SOA Suite.

  • JDK
  • Database
  • All Required Schema (Created using RCU)
  • WebLogic Server

9. Why we need SOA? 

Service is the important concept. Services can be published, discovered and used in a technology neutral, standard form by the set of protocols of the web services. Other than being just architecture, SOA is the policies, practices, and frameworks by which it is ensure the right services are provided and consumed. It becomes critical to implement processes that ensure that there are at least two different and separate processes— one for provider and the other for consumer, using SOA. The Business Service Bus is starting point for developers that guide them to a coherent set that has been assembled for their domain. This is better than leaving developers to discover individual services and put them into context

10. What are the challenges faced in SOA adoption?

One of the challenges faced by SOA is managing services metadata. Second biggest challenge is the lack of testing in SOA space. Another challenge is providing appropriate levels of security. Interoperability is another important aspect in the SOA implementations. Vendor hype concerns SOA because it can create expectations that may not be fulfilled.

Basic SOA Interview Questions

11. What is Web Service ?
Web service is a piece of code which is available on web (internet). That code of piece can be developed in any language (java, .net etc). A client invokes the web service by sending xml message and it wait for xml response (synchronously or asynchronously).

12. What is the SOA Suite 11g Components?

  •  Oracle Adapters
  •  Oracle Mediator
  •  Business Events and Events Delivery Network
  •  Oracle Business Rules
  •  Human Workflow
  •  Oracle Business Activity Monitoring
  •  Oracle Enterprise Manager

13. What are the different design patterns in SOA?

  •  Synchronous
  •  Asynchronous Fire and Forget
  •  Asynchronous Delayed Response.

14. Enlist the Principles of SOA?

  • Loose coupling
  • Re-usability
  • Interoperability
  • Flexible

15. In SOA do we need to build systems from scratch?

No. If you need to integrate or make an existing system as a business service, you just need to create loosely coupled wrappers which will wrap your custom systems and expose the systems functionality in a generic fashion to the external world.

16. What is SOA registry?
SOA registry is like a reference database of services. It describes what each service does, where they are located, and how they can communicate. It’s a central reference of meta-data for services.

17. What is SOA Workfow?
SOA workflow allows us to define a work flow using services in the SOA registry. We will read more about BPM in further questions.

18. What is Service Broker?
Service broker reads the work flow and takes services from the SOA registry and ties them together. Service brokers are normally middleware like EAI (Enterprise application Integration) products. You can get a list of decent EAI from Sun, Microsoft, and IBM etc.

19. What is SOA supervisor?
SOA supervisor is a traffic cop ensuring that services do not have issues. It deals mainly with performance issues of the system so that appropriate service levels are met. If any of the services have performance problems it sends messages to the proper infrastructure to fix the issue.

20. What is singleton Property in SOA?

In the clustered environment when the processing of the message should happen via only one SOA managed server, then the property singleton needs to be defined at the adapter level.

Top SOA Interview Questions and Answers

21. What is a reusable Service?

It is an autonomous, reusable, discoverable, stateless functionality that has the necessary granularity, and can be part of a composite application or a composite service.

A reusable service should be identified with a business activity described by the service specifications (design-time contract).

A service’s constraints, including security, QoS, SLA, usage policies, may be defined by multiple run-time contracts, multiple interfaces (the WSDL for a SOAP Web Service), and multiple implementations (the code).

A reusable service should be governed at the enterprise level throughout its entire lifecycle, from design-time through run-time. Its reuse should be promoted through a prescriptive process, and that reuse should be measured.

22. What is composition of a Service ?

Composition is the process by which services are combined to produce composite applications or composite services. A composite application consists of the aggregation of services to produce an enterprise portal or enterprise process. A composite service consists of an aggregation of services that produces another reusable service. It’s just like combining electronic components to create a computer motherboard, and then using that motherboard in a computer. Think of the motherboard as a reusable composite service that is a component of the computer, and of the computer as the composite application.

23. How do I integrate my Legacy applications with SOA ?

Legacy applications are frequently at the core of your IT environment. With the right skills and tools, you need to identify discrete elements within your legacy applications and “wrap” them in standards-based interfaces and use them as services within your SOA.

24. Can you explain the difference between architecture followed in 10g & 11g?

Given below are the differences between 10g and 11g:

In 11g, SCA architecture is followed but not in 10g.

In 11g, all of the SOA components (like BPEL, ESB, etc.) are related to project can be deployed at once as a single unit using composite.xml file. In 10g, these components need to be deployed individually to the respective servers.

App server container for 11g is Web Logic Server while for 10g is OC4J.

In 11g, Enterprise Manager takes care of all SOA components while in 10g separate consoles are maintained for each component.

25. How can a process be deployed in SOA?

 A process can be deployed using any of the below options:

  • JDeveloper
  • EMC(Enterprise Manager Console)
  • WebLogic Scripting.

Advanced SOA Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced

26. How can you achieve loose coupling in the SOA framework?

Loose coupling can be achieved by abstracting and resolving the differences between different systems so as to provide seamless integration.

OSB facilitates the same and resolves the issues between service clients and business systems. SOA uses web services as building blocks to accomplish enterprise integration and component re-usage through the loose coupling.

27. What is BPEL in SOA?

BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) is a language that facilitates the exchange of data between the web services and also for their communication. The developers use BPEL to determine how business processes having web services will run.

Apart from managing the process execution, BPEL is also used for event management and exception handling. The BPEL processes describe the order in which the processes will be called.

28. What is ESB in SOA?

The software application within a service-oriented architecture communicates through a channel called ESB (Enterprise Service Bus). It is used to implement a different variant of the client-server architecture where any application using this system can be the client or the server.

ESB is based on a distributed computing architecture and allows high-level communications between different applications.

29. What is BAM in SOA?

The Oracle BAM (Business Activity Monitoring) is used for developing personalized dashboards and monitors the business processes in a firm. This software allows the users to monitor their business activity in real time through active dashboards that will be updated without the browser being refreshed.

There are tactical dashboards that allow the users to modify the parameters to gain different analysis results from the data without a database query.

30. What is Mediator ?

Mediator – message routing and transformation & filtering capabilities

The Mediator is in charge of interconnecting, within an SOA composite application, components that expose different interfaces

In addition, the Mediator can perform duties such as filtering and making routing decisions

The composite editor in JDeveloper gives you the flexibility to define the interface now, to choose an existing interface, or to define the interface later as you wire components to the Mediator

Transforming data from one representation to another is, along with routing, one of the key functions of the Mediator

31. What are the Oracle Mediator features ?

  • Event Handling
  • Content-based and Header-based routing
  • Synchronous/Asynchronous interactions
  • Service Virtualization
  • Validations
  • Transformations
  • Error Handling
  • Shematron

32. Difference between SOA suite 10g and 11g ?

Basically all the SOA components like BPEL, ESB (Called Mediator in 11g), & OWSM are brought into one place in 11g using SCA composite concept.

The major difference between 10g & 11g would be the app server container. 10g by default runs on OC4J while 11g runs on Weblogic Server.

33. What are the IT Benefits of Service-Oriented Architecture

IT benefits of SOA are:

  • The ability to build composite applications is provided.
  • Business services are offered across the platforms.
  • A self-healing infrastructure that reduces management costs is created.
  • Location independence is provided
  • Provides truly real-time decision-making applications.
  • Reliability is enhanced

34. The Service of a SOA should be engineered as stateless or stateful ?

Service should be stateless. It may have a context within its stateless execution, but it will not have an intermediary state waiting for an event or a call-back. The retention of state-related data must not extend beyond a request/response on a service. This is because state management consumes a lot of resources, and this can affect the scalability and availability that are required for a reusable service.

35. What are the challenges faced in SOA adoption

  • One of the challenges faced by SOA is managing services metadata.
  • Second biggest challenge is the lack of testing in SOA space.
  • Another challenge is providing appropriate levels of security.
  • Interoperability is another important aspect in the SOA implementations.
  • Vendor hype concerns SOA because it can create expectations that may not be fulfilled.

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